Can you crack the code? Treasure mysteries that remain unsolved

If you were asked about your most priceless possession, what’s the first thing that pops into mind? And what would you do to protect it? Since time immemorial, pirates and princes, captains and mysterious men have acquired wealth and done the impossible to defend it. So much so that from treasure chests to gold-filled trains, some riches were hidden so well that they have vanished to this day. Let’s find out about 10 of the most unbelievable lost treasures around the world and try to imagine what we’d do if we found them.

The Amber Room, often called "The Eighth Wonder of the World", was an 18th-century opulent chamber made of six amber panels, gold leaf, and mirrors. It was commissioned in 1701 for Prussia’s King Frederick, and later gifted to Russia’s Tsar Peter the Great in 1716.

It was then installed in the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo, Russia, until it was dismantled by German troops in just 36 hours in 1941 and moved to Königsberg Castle in East Prussia. Since 1945, amid Allied bombings, the Amber Room has disappeared without a trace, believed to have either been burned, buried, or sunk in the Baltic Sea.

It’s an armored 150-meter-long convoy rumored to be filled with 300 tons of gold, jewels, and stolen art. Allegedly, it vanished in May 1945 inside a secret network of unfinished tunnels in the Owl Mountains, near Walbrzych, Poland, as German forces fled the advancing Soviet Army.

Explorers and treasure hunters have launched many high-profile searches using groundbreaking technology to locate the train, but nothing has ever been found.

The Flor de la Mar ("Flower of the Sea") is a legendary Portuguese ship that sank in November of 1511, on its return from conquering a wealthy hub, now known as Malaysia. With it, an immense fortune estimated at $2.6 billion sank to the bottom of the ocean and was never recovered, making it one of the richest shipwrecks in history.

Over the centuries, countless marine salvage companies have attempted to recover the treasure, although political disputes over salvage rights between Indonesia, Malaysia, and Portugal have continuously interrupted such expeditions.

The Treasure of Lima is a massive fortune of gold, silver, and jewels (including a life-size solid gold statue of the Virgin Mary), valued at up to $208 million and missing since 1820.

It was stolen by British Captain William Thompson, who had originally been tasked with protecting the Spanish treasures and allegedly buried them on Cocos Island off Costa Rica, never to be seen again. When captured, he agreed to lead the Spanish forces to the gold, but instead escaped with his first mate into the thick jungle and vanished forever.

The infamous pirate Edward Teach, also known as Blackbeard, left behind a treasure no one has ever found. He terrorized the Atlantic Coast and the Caribbean, capturing numerous ships and stealing gold, silver, and valuable goods from them.

Modern estimates suggest that his riches would be worth $150 million. Before his death in November 1718, he claimed his wealth was hidden where "nobody knows but me and the Devil."

The Oak Island Money Pit is a centuries-old mystery of buried treasure filled with traps and tunnels, located in Nova Scotia, Canada. It began in 1796 when teenager Daniel McGinnis found a circular depression under a tree and started digging with friends.

As they dug, they began to find oak logs 10 feet down, pointing to a man-made shaft, but water from a storm later flooded the pit. Rumors suggest there is a vault with pirate gold from Captain Kidd, Spanish artifacts, or Marie Antoinette's jewels, as searchers have found tropical coconut fibers and fragments of gold chain there; skeptics suggest it might’ve just been a natural sinkhole all along.

Of the 50 Imperial Fabergé Easter eggs created for the Russian royal family, up to eight remain unaccounted for. Notable missing pieces include the "Nécessaire Egg" (1889), the "Cherub with Chariot" (1888), and the "Hen with Sapphire Pendant" (1886).

While many were lost or stolen during the 1917 Russian Revolution, miraculous findings, such as the "Third Imperial Egg" recovered at a U.S. flea market after a century-long disappearance, keep collectors' hopes alive.

The Honjō Masamune Sword is a priceless Japanese samurai weapon that was lost after World War II. It is considered one of the finest blades ever forged by the master swordsmith Gorō Nyūdō Masamune, and remains a priceless cultural symbol of power.

Designated an official Japanese National Treasure in 1939, many experts remain hopeful it might appear in a private collection or attic.

The Beale Ciphers Treasure is a renowned unrecovered fortune of gold, silver, and jewels, with an estimated value of over $65 million.

In 1820, a mysterious man named Thomas J. Beale checked into a hotel in Lynchburg, Virginia, and left a locked iron box with an innkeeper, alongside three encoded messages. If cracked, they supposedly reveal the hidden fortune. For now, only one has been decoded. Some experts allege the entire mystery is a hoax, while others continue to try to decipher the codes to this day.

The Lost Dutchman’s Gold Mine is a famous, undiscovered gold deposit, said to be hidden somewhere near Apache Junction, in Arizona’s Superstition Mountains.

Legend claims it was found by Jacob Waltz, a German immigrant (misidentified as Dutch due to the old use of the term "Deutsch"), who settled in Arizona in the 19th century and supposedly kept its location secret before dying in 1891, except for the verbal hints he allegedly gave to his neighbor Julia Thomas, sparking modern treasure hunting to this day.

Names that lie

Mountain chickens are frogs? 10 animals with misleading names

Some animals have commonly been given names that might lead you to believe false things about them. For example, as we all know, guinea pigs are not pigs, sea horses are not horses, and starfish are neither stars nor fish. So, how did these names come to be? While lookalike allegations may justify some, others are simply far-fetched. Is there any truth or reason behind these inaccurate nicknames—like "firefly"? Let’s explore 10 animal names that are, arguably, misnomers.

Let’s start with one of the most far-fetched names on this list. Mountain chickens aren’t birds at all—they’re large frogs. And they don’t live in mountains, either. These frogs are found mostly in the Caribbean, inhabiting lowland rainforests and swamps. A more accurate and realistic name for them is "giant ditch frogs," which refers to their large size and their tendency to dwell near water bodies.

So, how did they get this name? The story goes that locals found the frog’s meat similar in taste and texture to chicken. Yes, this now critically endangered species was once considered a delicacy in local cuisines.

You would think that the red panda is just a smaller, red version of the giant panda. After all, they share cute faces, patches around their eyes, and similar snouts and ears. But you’d be wrong—red pandas are not bears.

Here’s the explanation: The word "panda" is believed to derive from the Nepali word ponya, which refers to animals with claws adapted for eating bamboo. This is the biggest trait red and giant pandas have in common: their heavily bamboo-based diets. Red pandas, sometimes nicknamed "firefoxes," belong to a mammal family of their own and are more closely related to skunks than to giant pandas.

Titmouses aren’t rodents—did you know? Instead, they are songbirds known for their gray or bluish-gray feathers. One of the most common species is the tufted titmouse, and you’ll be pleased to know that the plural form is, indeed, "titmice."

The name "titmouse" comes from Old English, where tit referred to a small creature, and mase was a general term for a bird. Over time, mase became obsolete, and "titmase" was transformed into "titmouse" due to the similarity between the words. Arguably, there’s also some physical resemblance between the gray color and beady, round eyes of both titmice and mice.

Yes, the name "electric eel" is misleading—but not for the reasons you might think. These aquatic animals are indeed capable of generating shocks of electricity, up to ​​860 volts, which they use to stun their prey or defend themselves. However, strictly speaking, they are not eels.

Unlike true eels, which belong to the family Anguillidae, electric eels are part of the knifefish family and are more closely related to catfish. Early European explorers misnamed them based on their elongated, eel-like bodies.

Seahorses are fish, just like salmon or clownfish. Arguably, they look nothing like those species. Instead, for centuries, humans have noticed their resemblance to horses. Seahorses have a distinctive upright swimming posture, elongated heads and necks, and a caudal fin that even resembles a horse’s mane.

Their scientific name, Hippocampus, is borrowed from the Ancient Greek word hippókampos. Interestingly, the term didn’t originally refer to this animal but to a mythological marine creature. In Greek, hippos means "horse," and kampos means "sea monster."

Guinea pigs aren’t pigs—nor are they from Guinea, the West African country. Instead, they are rodents native to South America. By now their name has become synonymous with "experiment subject" because of how frequently they were used in scientific research.

There are a couple of theories behind their misleading name. The "pig" part likely comes from the squealing noises they make, which resemble those of piglets. As for "guinea," it might derive from the British coin of the same name, implying they were sold for its equivalent value. Another theory is that European sailors, associating distant Guinea with anything exotic, mistakenly applied the name to these South American rodents.

The koala is often called a "koala bear," but it’s not a bear at all. European settlers in Australia gave it this name because its round face and fluffy ears reminded them of bear cubs.

Koalas are, in fact, marsupials. Like kangaroos, they carry their young in pouches. The word koala comes from the Dharug language (an Aboriginal language of Australia) and is believed to mean "no water," referring to the koala's ability to survive on eucalyptus leaves with minimal water intake. Did you know? Eucalyptus leaves are low in nutrients and mildly toxic. As a result, koalas have a slow metabolism and sleep up to 20 hours a day.

Fireflies don’t handle fire. They do, however, possess the ability to produce light, a phenomenon called bioluminescence. This light creates the illusion of tiny flames flying through the night. No wonder they have been associated with magic and fascination for centuries.

Despite their name, fireflies aren’t flies—they’re beetles. They produce light through a chemical reaction in their abdomens, which they use to attract mates or communicate. In fact, ​​different firefly species flash in distinct rhythms to help them identify each other.

The first time you hear the term "prairie dogs," you might picture packs of dogs roaming freely across the prairies. In reality, these animals are rodents and belong to the ground squirrel family.

The name is believed to have been given by early European settlers due to their high-pitched sounds. Prairie dogs are capable of producing sophisticated and varied calls to communicate with one another, sometimes sounding like man’s best friend. The "prairie" part of their name comes from their habitat—vast grasslands and prairies across North America. These rodents are expert burrowers and typically live in small family groups called "coteries," where members groom and protect each other.

It’s not only that ladybugs aren’t all female—they aren’t truly bugs, either. Instead, they are a type of beetle. These round and colorful insects have been widely associated with good luck and fortune for centuries. The reason for this has to do with the story behind their nickname.

The name "ladybug" originated in the Middle Ages, when farmers prayed to the Virgin Mary for help with pests in their crops. The beetles, which helped control aphid populations, were called "Our Lady's birds" or "Our Lady's beetles," later shortened to "ladybirds" or "ladybeetles." Over time, much to the frustration of entomologists, this evolved into the popular term "ladybugs."