Think again

You’ve been wrong all along—10 facts that prove how little we really know

Image: Elimende Inagella

You repeat them every day—often without thinking twice. But a surprising number of "facts" we take for granted are just plain wrong. Whether it’s the recommended water intake or the behavior of lightning, prepare for a reality check. These 10 everyday misconceptions will make you rethink everything you thought you knew.

Image: Ladislav Stercell

You lose heat through any part of your body that’s exposed—not just your head. This myth likely started from an outdated military study in which soldiers in Arctic conditions wore full-body gear but no hats, for some reason.

Heat loss is driven by surface area and exposure. If you're unlucky enough to be naked in freezing weather, you'll lose heat evenly across your body—not primarily from your scalp.

Image: Leo Rivas

Pure water is actually a very poor conductor of electricity. It’s the impurities in water—like dissolved minerals and salts—that allow it to carry an electric current.

However, since the water we commonly encounter is rarely pure, it readily conducts electricity—making contact between water and electrical sources hazardous.

Image: Supply

Also, nope—it only looks that way. Shaved hair has a blunt edge, which can make it feel coarser or appear darker than unshaved hair.

Hair growth is determined by follicles beneath the skin. Since shaving only trims hair above the surface, it has no effect on thickness, color, or growth rate.

Image: Ahmed Zayan

Goldfish can actually remember things for weeks, even months. They’re far smarter than we usually give them credit for.

Moreover, studies have shown goldfish can be trained to respond to feeding times and light cues. So don’t keep yours in a tiny bowl—it’s far too small for their cognitive and physical needs.

Image: NOAA

It absolutely does—and often. The Empire State Building gets hit about 25 times a year. This is because lightning follows the path of least resistance, which often means tall, conductive structures get hit repeatedly.

So, if you’re caught in an electrical storm, don’t run toward the last spot that was struck—chances are, lightning will hit there again!

Image: C. G.

Glass is an amorphous solid—not a liquid—and despite popular belief, its molecules don’t flow over time.

The myth likely originated from old window panes, which are sometimes thicker at the bottom. This thickness is due to historical manufacturing techniques—not because gravity caused the glass to flow downward.

Image: Joseph Greve

Hydration needs vary depending on age, activity level, climate, and diet—and they don’t require exactly eight glasses. Food and other beverages also count toward your fluid intake.

In reality, the "8 glasses a day" rule isn’t based on hard science; it’s simply a general guideline to prevent dehydration. Under normal conditions, drinking when you’re thirsty is usually enough to stay well hydrated.

Image: Олег Мороз

Blood is always red—it only appears blue through the skin because of how light interacts with tissue and veins.

The only real color difference is that oxygen-rich blood is bright red, while deoxygenated blood is a darker red. Humans and other vertebrates do not have truly blue blood.

Image: Quinten de Graaf

While it’s true that swallowed gum can’t be digested, it doesn’t stay in your stomach—it passes through the digestive system normally.

The same happens with things like corn kernels or hard seeds. Only when large amounts of gum are swallowed—often along with other indigestible objects—can it lead to blockages or health issues.

Image: Romain GROSSIER

While a sleepwalker may be confused or startled if awakened, it’s not inherently dangerous and can sometimes be the safest way to prevent accidental injury.

Experts often recommend gently guiding sleepwalkers back to bed, but waking them is also acceptable if there’s an immediate risk of harm.

Some names stick around

From Table Tap Joe to Ziggy Stardust: Who are the best song characters?

Sometimes, a character is the perfect alter-ego to write a song about oneself without self-referencing so much. Other times, a character is just a character. Over the years, musicians have come up with lonely dreamers, fearless heroes, mysterious strangers, and even supernatural villains who have become just as famous as the songs themselves. Some were inspired by real people, others sprang entirely from imagination, but all of them left a lasting mark on music history. Which of these 12 do you remember?

Tom Waits has always had a soft spot for society's oddballs, and few are even stranger than Table Top Joe. Introduced on the 2002 album Alice, Joe is born with only a head and hands, yet grows into a brilliant piano player whose extraordinary talent earns him fame despite the odds stacked against him.

The song unfolds like a forgotten American folk tale, complete with references to Coney Island's legendary Dreamland amusement park and composer Igor Stravinsky. Although many listeners assume the story is based on an old carnival legend, Table Top Joe is entirely Tom Waits' own creation.

Few fictional musicians have ever become as famous as Ziggy Stardust. Introduced in 1972, Ziggy is an alien rock star sent to Earth shortly before humanity's end, only to be consumed by the very fame that makes him a savior to millions.

David Bowie blurred the line between fiction and reality by performing as Ziggy onstage for more than a year. When he unexpectedly announced Ziggy's retirement during a concert at London's Hammersmith Odeon in 1973, many fans believed the character, and perhaps Bowie himself, had truly reached the end of the story.

Tommy Walker isn't just the hero of a song, he's the central figure of one of rock music's first great operas. After witnessing a traumatic event as a child, Tommy becomes deaf, mute, and blind, yet somehow develops astonishing pinball skills that transform him into an unlikely celebrity.

Pete Townshend built an entire musical world around Tommy, exploring themes of trauma, faith, and redemption. First released in 1969, Tommy later became a hit film, a Broadway production, and one of the most influential concept albums ever recorded.

Johnny B. Goode is every aspiring musician's dream. Growing up in rural Louisiana with little more than a guitar and natural talent, he plays so brilliantly that listeners predict "his name will be in lights."

Chuck Berry based the character partly on himself and partly on pianist Johnnie Johnson. Originally described as a "colored boy," Johnny became a "country boy" in the final lyrics, making the song more likely to receive airplay during the segregation era. Nearly two decades later, Johnny's anthem would even travel into space aboard NASA's Voyager Golden Record.

Few fictional characters have captured loneliness as powerfully as Eleanor Rigby. She quietly moves through life unnoticed, while Father McKenzie delivers sermons that no one hears, creating one of popular music's saddest portraits of isolation.

Paul McCartney later explained that Eleanor's name came from actress Eleanor Bron and the Liverpool shop Rigby & Evens. The discovery of an actual Eleanor Rigby gravestone in Liverpool only deepened the song's mystique, though McCartney maintained the coincidence was unintentional.

Billie Jean may be one of pop music's most famous women, yet Michael Jackson insisted she wasn't a real person. Instead, she represented several women who falsely claimed that he had fathered their children during the height of the Jackson 5's fame.

Released in 1983 as part of Thriller, the song became a global phenomenon. It also provided the stage for Jackson's legendary moonwalk during Motown 25.

Unlike many legendary song characters, Stagger Lee actually existed. His real name was Lee Shelton, a St. Louis criminal who murdered Billy Lyons during an argument over a hat on Christmas Eve in 1895.

The shocking crime quickly entered American folklore through countless folk songs before Lloyd Price transformed it into a chart-topping hit in 1958. More than a century later, Stagger Lee remains one of the most enduring antiheroes in American music.

Tom Dooley was inspired by Thomas Dula, a Confederate veteran executed in North Carolina in 1868 after being convicted of murdering Laura Foster. His surname was locally pronounced "Dooley," giving the ballad its familiar title.

The Kingston Trio revived the old Appalachian folk song in 1958, turning it into an international hit and helping launch America's folk music revival.

When the narrator of "Lola" meets an intriguing stranger in a Soho nightclub, expectations quickly give way to surprise. Ray Davies crafted one of rock's earliest mainstream stories exploring gender ambiguity, decades before the topic entered popular conversation.

The recording rarely reached British radio. Because BBC rules prohibited commercial product names, Davies had to interrupt a U.S. tour and fly back to London simply to replace the lyric "Coca-Cola" with the now-famous "cherry cola."

Unlike most famous song characters, the Piano Man is really Billy Joel himself. Before becoming a superstar, Joel spent six months in 1972 and 1973 performing under the pseudonym Bill Martin at the Executive Room, a piano bar in Los Angeles, after becoming trapped in a bad recording contract. The song transforms those experiences into a bittersweet portrait of ordinary people searching for escape at the end of another week.

Joel has said that virtually every character in the song was based on a real person, from bartender John to "Paul, the real estate novelist" and Davy, who really was in the Navy. Yet the Piano Man himself became the story's most enduring character: a quiet observer who offers music as a brief refuge for dreamers, lonely souls, and regulars alike. More than fifty years after its 1973 release, "Piano Man" remains Billy Joel's signature song, and its title has effectively become his lifelong nickname.

Standing nearly seven feet tall and missing an arm, Amos Moses roams the Louisiana swamps hunting alligators. Jerry Reed filled the song with colorful Southern expressions and exaggerated storytelling that make Amos feel like an authentic folk legend.

Although fictional, Amos embodies the larger-than-life heroes found throughout American tall tales. His adventures turned the song into one of Reed's biggest crossover hits and secured Amos a permanent place among country music's greatest characters.

Big Bad John hardly says a word, but he doesn't have to. The towering coal miner earns everyone's respect through quiet strength before sacrificing his own life to save fellow workers when a mine collapses.

Jimmy Dean's 1961 ballad became a smash hit, winning a Grammy and inspiring several sequel songs. More than sixty years later, Big Bad John still stands as one of country music's defining working-class heroes.