Once upon a rhyme

Here's what they never told you about your favorite nursery rhymes!

We all have those nursery rhymes etched in our memory, verses that take us straight back to our childhood. But behind some of those catchy, cheerful tunes lie surprisingly dark and mysterious origins rooted in real-life history! Join us to discover the hidden stories behind the most popular nursery rhymes!

Although it's a staple in preschools, this rhyme is believed to have originated from a rather sinister urban legend. According to the myth, in 16th-century London, there was a baker named Frederic Thomas Lynwood, who had a creepy nickname: "the Dicer of Drury Lane." As the tale goes, this man was said to be a dangerous criminal who used muffins to lure his victims!

Making a circle to the rhythm of "Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush" is a childhood classic. But once you learn the origin of this nursery rhyme, the lyrics might take on a whole new meaning. It's believed that "the bush" was actually a mulberry tree in the center of the yard at Wakefield Prison in England. There, female inmates would circle the tree exercising, or repeating the same domestic chores day after day.

"Ring around the rosie, pocket full of posies!" Sound familiar? Of course it does! But there might be a tragic story behind this animated rhyme.

The bubonic plague of the 14th century, also known as the "Black Death," claimed a staggering 25 to 50 million lives in Europe. It's believed that this catastrophic event is reflected in the lines of this famous nursery rhyme: The "ring around the rosie" could refer to the red, circular rash that appeared on the skin of those infected, and suddenly, the line "we all fall down" hits differently once you know where it may have come from.

"Pop Goes the Weasel" is a classic, though trying to make sense of its lyrics isn't exactly easy. The confusion might come down to how language has evolved over time, particularly slang. It seems that "weasel" was once a common slang term for a fur coat in England before the 19th century. This rhyme is believed to have originated in the financial struggles of the time, where the less privileged classes would sell their weasels to get by.

The symbolism behind Jack and Jill hides more than you think. While there are several theories -one even involving a tragic love story- many believe the rhyme's origin is tied to a monarch's decision in the 16th century. Jack and Jill may refer to Richard Empson and Edmund Dudley, financial advisors and ministers to King Henry VII of England. As money collectors, they were not very popular, especially among the privileged classes. When King Henry VIII took office, they were accused of treason: One fell down first, and his partner came tumbling after.

The catchy and fun "Baa Baa Black Sheep" is also one of the most popular. The most widely accepted version of its origin has to do with taxes! That's right; in the 13th century, King Edward I of England imposed a "sheep tax," which required that a portion of all wool produced be given to the monarchy. Thus, in the rhyme, the master and the dame could represent the monarchy, which benefited from this rule at the expense of the people.

"Ladybird, ladybird, fly away home / Your house is on fire and your children are gone," goes the nursery rhyme "Ladybird, Ladybird," well known in many English-speaking countries. There are two main theories about its origin -one more obscure than the other- and it's the darker one that draws our attention. It's believed that the rhyme may be related to the religious conflicts of 16th-century England, with the "ladybird" symbolizing persecuted Catholics during the English Reformation.

We've all heard "Rock-a-bye Baby" at one point or another; it's one of the most famous nursery rhymes. Though it's now sung as a gentle lullaby, the rhyme has roots in deep political conflict and change. In 17th-century England, the Catholic King James II was overthrown and replaced by the Protestant rulers William and Mary. So, in the rhyme, the "tree top" and the "branch" symbolize royal power, the "wind" represents the Protestant forces, and the "baby" is believed to refer to the overthrown king.

The origins of the nursery rhyme "Humpty Dumpty" are disputed, with several competing theories. Some historians believe that Humpty Dumpty refers to a large cannon used by Royalist forces during the English Civil War. During the Siege of Colchester in 1648, a massive artillery piece nicknamed "Humpty Dumpty" was mounted on the walls of St Mary's Church. When Parliamentarian forces attacked, the wall beneath the cannon crumbled, sending it crashing to the ground.

Others, however, argue that "Humpty Dumpty" is a metaphor for King Charles I himself, whose power was dismantled by parliamentary forces. A third theory suggests that the rhyme refers to King Richard III of England, said to have been humpbacked, and who was defeated at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485.

We must tell you that the origins of this fun nursery rhyme also come from infamous historical facts. It's believed that the "three blind mice" represent three Protestant bishops who were persecuted and sentenced to death under the reign of Queen Mary I of England, portrayed in the rhyme as the "farmer's wife." Their "blindness" is thought to symbolize their rejection of Catholicism. Pretty deep for a nursery rhyme, right?

BELIEVE IT OR NOT

Stranger Than Fiction: 10 Unbelievable Events That Actually Happened

Image: Diana van Ormondt

They say truth is stranger than fiction, and some of these historical events are living proof of this old adage.

Brace yourself for a rollercoaster ride through history, where the strange and unexpected take center stage in the theater of reality. From absurd battles to mysterious weather phenomena, these 10 astonishing tales will leave you thinking long and hard about the complexities of human history.

Image: Sharon Co Images

Wars are typically waged between nations, but in 1932, Australia faced an unusual adversary: emus. After large numbers of these flightless birds invaded crucial farmland within Western Australia’s Wheatbelt, the government decided to intervene by sending soldiers armed with machine guns to reduce the emu population in the area. However, most attempts were ineffective at most, killing very few birds and costing thousands of dollars in supplies and ammunition.

As soon as the first shot was fired, the seemingly tame emu dispersed way beyond the range of the machine guns, and apparently switched to guerrilla tactics of sorts, avoiding all further military ambushes and frontal attacks while still feasting on the farmer’s crops. The government’s futile attempts were ridiculed and physical barrier methods to manage wildlife were preferred from then on. Sadly, they give no medals for having endured the Great Emu War.

Image: Hannah Skelly

In 1518, the town of Strasbourg, France, was gripped by a strange and inexplicable phenomenon - people suddenly began dancing uncontrollably in the streets. The dancing madness persisted for weeks, with some of the affected succumbing to exhaustion or even death. The authorities at the time did not know how to react, and some people even joined the dancers voluntarily, as they feared it was a punishment from Saint Vitus (and presumably wanted to stay on the safe side).

After many efforts to fight the strange epidemic, the dancing eventually subsided and people in the town could resume their normal lives. While theories range from mass hysteria to hallucinogenic substances and neurological disorders like Sydenham's chorea, the event remains a historical enigma that challenges our understanding of the human mind and collective behavior.

Image: Nima Sarram

In 1908, a massive explosion flattened over 80 million trees in the remote Tunguska region of Siberia. The cause? A mysterious airburst, likely caused by the explosion of a meteoroid or comet in Earth's atmosphere. It is now estimated that the event had an explosive energy of 3 to 5 megatons, equivalent to over a thousand Hiroshima bombs. The resulting shockwave broke windows, and knocked people down hundreds of miles away, reaching an equivalent of an earthquake of 5.0 on the Richter scale in some areas.

A bright glow was observed in night skies in Asia and Europe for days after the event due to high-altitude ice particles that formed as a result of the explosion. For all its magnitude, the explosion left no visible crater and minimal debris beside the devastated forest. The Tunguska Event serves as a stark reminder of the potential cosmic threats that lurk in the darkness of space.

Image: British Library

Miscommunication can often lead to chaos, but rarely on the scale witnessed in the Battle of Karánsebes in 1788. The Austrian army, at the time facing the Ottoman Empire, descended into total anarchy when two different scouting parties mistook one another for the enemy, fired on each other, and raised the alarm.

Making matters worse, the Austrian army was made of men of different nationalities who more often than not could not understand each other. All attempts to end confusion and the ensuing friendly fire on the part of the Austrian emperor himself were in vain, and after a while - deeply demoralized - he was forced to give the order of retreat. When the Ottoman army arrived two days later, they found an empty battlefield and were able to take the city of Karánsebes without any resistance.

Image: Aswathy N

In 1807, eight years before Waterloo, Napoleon Bonaparte had a humiliating defeat at the hands of a strange opponent - a horde of rabbits. During the celebrations that followed the Treaties of Tilsit - which effectively ended the war between the French and Imperial Russia - Napoleon’s chief of staff Alexandre Berthier had the idea of organizing a rabbit hunt to entertain its guests.

So far, nothing out of the ordinary for the time, but when the rabbits were simultaneously freed along the edges of a grassy field, instead of scattering as expected, all these fluffy beasts began running toward their amused hunters. But the fits of laughter didn’t last long, as the now-hunted hunters realized that there was nothing they could do to stop the relentless animals as they swarmed their positions and had no other choice than to flee. Some accounts state that Berthier had gathered around 3000 rabbits, so not even mighty Napoleon was a match for this unexpected army.

Apparently, the chief of staff's mistake was buying tame rabbits from local farmers, accustomed to being fed by humans, instead of trapping wild hares for the hunt. If we learned anything from the Great Emu War, the lesson is clear: never underestimate animals!

Image: Mitsuo Komoriya

In the aftermath of the eruption of Mount Tambora in Indonesia - the largest in at least 1,300 years - 1816 became known as the "Year Without a Summer." The volcanic ash floating in the atmosphere led to climate abnormalities worldwide, resulting in crop failures and widespread famine in the most affected areas.

In Europe and North America temperatures plummeted, and most crops suffered irreparable damage due to the persistent frost. In the United States, a "dry fog" was observed in the eastern regions, dimming sunlight so much that sunspots were visible to the naked eye. Also, the high level of volcanic particles present in the atmosphere caused strange optical effects in the following years, such as strong red hues during sunsets, which can be observed in many paintings produced at the time.

Image: Tiana Attride

It seems that wars against unusual adversaries are a fashionable trend in human history because the Roman Emperor Caligula declared war in the year 40 AD on no one other than the god Neptune himself, king of the raging seas.

Known for his eccentricity, Caligula allegedly ordered his legionnaires to "attack" the sea with swords and spears, after which he declared victory against the powerful god and told the men to gather seashells as trophies of war. One can only imagine that the soldiers had a fun -albeit puzzling- day.

Image: Tim Mossholder

In the late 1980s, Pepsi briefly possessed the sixth-largest navy in the world. In exchange for commercializing Pepsi products in the Soviet Union, the company received 17 submarines, a cruiser, a frigate, and a destroyer.

However, the fleet was composed of obsolete and unseaworthy vessels that were destined to be turned into scrap almost immediately. The payment was made in the only resources the USSR could gather easily at the time, and it provided a way to establish profitable international relations - and open up to the world.

Image: Garry T

The American Civil War started and concluded with a curious connection to Wilmer McLean, an American wholesale grocer from Virginia. The conflict's first major battle, the First Battle of Bull Run, took place in McLean's farm in 1861. A cannonball fell directly through the kitchen fireplace of the McLean’s house, which was being used as headquarters for the Confederate Army, destroying the dinner that was being prepared by the stationed officers - something that was noted not without humor by the Brigadier General P. G. T. Beauregard.

The McLean family moved to Appomattox, Virginia trying to escape the war, but just four years later, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant in McLean's parlor, marking the conclusion of the Civil War. Unintentionally, McLean was a prime witness of one of America’s most defining conflicts. Later, he said of this: "The war began in my front yard and ended in my front parlor."

Image: Snowscat

Genghis Khan's vast empire and brutal military campaigns had an unexpected impact on the Earth's climate. A recent study suggests that the Mongol invasions in the 13th century led to a significant reduction in global carbon dioxide levels, as large areas of cultivated land returned to forests.

This had the unintentional effect of scrubbing as much as 700 million tonnes of carbon from the atmosphere, roughly equivalent to the global annual consumption of gasoline today. This drastic ecological shift highlights the effect that land use, and particularly deforestation can have on our planet at a large scale.