HEY! OVER HERE!

Knowing These 10 Distress Calls Might Save Your Life

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While we sincerely hope that you never find yourself in a situation where you might need to cry for help, it is essential to know how to do it properly. This knowledge is not only just for oneself but also to recognize a distress signal coming from others. Scroll down to learn the meaning of ten signals, from the world-famous S.O.S. to more specific ways to call for help.

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We will start with the most universally recognized distress signal, typically transmitted via Morse code in a sequence of three dots, followed by three dashes, and then followed by another three dots (· · · − − − · · ·).

Many people believe that S.O.S. stands for "Save Our Souls" or "Save Our Ship", but in reality, these letters don’t stand for anything. The reason for this combination of letters lies in the fact that it is easily recognizable, it can be repeated continually and no other command uses it.

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Another easily recognizable distress signal, thanks in no small part to movies and television, is Mayday. The term was invented in 1923 when England and France needed to agree on a good distress signal that could be easily understood by everyone.

S.O.S. was already in use, but that signal could not be adopted because the letter 'S' was hard to distinguish over the telephone, especially in a chaotic emergency situation. Enter May-day, which is the phonetic equivalent of "M'aidez", the French for "Help me."

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Pan-Pan calls (pronounced "pahn-pahn") are used for urgent situations that are not life-threatening. When someone aboard a boat, ship, aircraft, or other vehicle uses this signal, they are conveying that they need help and that the situation is urgent, but for the time being, does not pose an immediate danger to anyone's life or to the vessel itself.

Radioing "pan-pan" informs potential rescuers that an urgent problem exists, whereas "mayday" calls indicate that all other activities should be dropped to immediately begin a rescue. To declare pan-pan correctly, the caller repeats it three times: "Pan-pan, pan-pan, pan-pan."

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Not all alert calls are emitted by the person or vessel in need of rescue. Sécurité (often repeated three times, "Sécurité, sécurité, sécurité") is a procedure term used in the maritime radio service that warns the crew that the following message contains important safety information.

This warning is commonly used by coast radio stations before the broadcast of navigational warnings and meteorological information.

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Yet another example of an alert signal that is not emitted by the vessel in distress, is the Mayday Relay. This call is issued by a third party on behalf of another vessel or aircraft that is unable to do so.

Mayday Relays are typically issued to the Coast Guard or any other authority with jurisdiction over the area, to notify them of the situation taking place.

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In radio terminology, "Break, Break, Break" is the expression used when interrupting in the middle of a non-distress communication because you have an emergency.

This expression serves as a way of saying, "Sorry to interrupt your conversation but there is an emergency going on and I need your help".

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The communication Mayday Relay Relay is used when relaying a Mayday message to a second vessel or station if the initial relay has not been successful and needs to be re-transmitted.

Sometimes, the distances that need to be reached are too far, or weather conditions complicate the relay. In these situations, a Mayday Relay Relay may be used by a vessel requesting assistance for a third party in distress.

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While the use of flags as a means of communication on ships was more common back in the day, when radio communications were not available, some major flag signals still need to be known by those responsible for sailing a vessel.

The most urgent code for help is the "N" flag arranged over the "C" flag, which is used to communicate the International Code Signal of distress.

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A signal that was used before S.O.S. was adopted universally, CQD originated from the signal CQ, which expressed "seeking you," or "all stations." The signal CQ was commonly used among wireless operators as a time-saving means of addressing all stations with a single signal.

The ability of CQ to convey distress was eventually diminished by frequent use. Therefore, in 1904, Guglielmo Marconi's wireless company announced the distress signal CQD would be used, signifying "Seeking you. Distress!".

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An ancient device like a signaling mirror has saved innumerable lives and continues to be an invaluable resource in emergencies all over the world.

To use a signaling mirror, hold it in your hand and slowly bring the mirror up to your eye while making sure that the reflective surface is not obscured by your hat or fingers. Then, tilt the mirror up toward the sun, until you see a small bead of light. Once you've found the bead of light, move it toward your intended target (be it a plane or searcher), and keep the bead of light in view as you do this. Move the mirror in such a way that the target understands that you are voluntarily trying to contact them.

MYSTERIES OF VOCABULARY

Delve Into The Weird Origins Of These 10 Idioms!

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Does the English language have more idioms than any other language in the world? Probably not, but it surely feels like it, doesn’t it? Just take a closer look at the many odd phrases we say regularly: Isn’t it weird that we can tell a friend that we "know chalk from cheese" and they don’t even bat an eye?

Have you ever wondered how these peculiar expressions came to be? Don’t worry, we got you covered! We have looked into the origins of these ten weird idioms you probably use on a daily basis. Ever wondered how pulling someone’s leg evolved to mean teasing? Keep on reading and find out!

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We’ll start with one of the most baffling ones. How could an activity as silly as kicking a bucket mean something as ominous as passing away? We get it, death is an uncomfortable business, and maybe this helps make an extremely heavy subject a little more bearable: After all, there are many silly-sounding idioms regarding death, including "pushing daisies" and "biting the dust". Regardless, the mystery of why "kicking the bucket" came to signify death remains.

Well, the truth is that no one really knows for sure. There are several theories around this, but the one that seems to be most acceptable refers to the Catholic custom of blessing people on their deathbeds with holy water. Some suggest that buckets carrying holy water were placed at the end of the beds of those about to depart, which might have been kicked in their last struggles.

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This one seems straight out of a Sherlock Holmes book. Picture this: Our favorite detective lights up his iconic pipe and proclaims "Elementary, my dear Watson: all the proof we need to solve this intricate case can be found inside this soft sweet treat". In any case, this expression is commonly used to describe something that can only be proved by trying.

What’s interesting about this idiom is the fact that it is actually an abridged version of an older and longer expression: First recorded in the 17th century, the predecessor to the idiom we know and love is "the proof of the pudding is in the tasting".

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Believe it or not, this idiom comes directly from the world of journalism. In the newspaper business, the term "lede" is used to describe the introductory segment of an article, which is usually used to entice a reader to keep on reading. In that sense, the idiom "to bury the lede" refers to hiding the most significant pieces with other distracting information.

You might be wondering why the word "lede" is spelled in such an unconventional manner. Lede comes from "lead", another fairly common word in journalism. It is believed that, to distinguish these two homographs, the newspaper business agreed to adopt these different spellings.

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We could probably write an entire article on how many idioms relate to horses, but this one is just perplexing. "Straight from the horse’s mouth" is an idiom that means a piece of information that comes directly from the most reliable source. Don’t you find this extremely weird? Why is the mouth of this large mammal synonymous with a dependable and trustworthy informant?

The answer is rather amusing. In the world of horse racing, people would search for tips on possible winners before posting their bets. In that sense, the people closest to the horses like trainers or stable lads were considered the most trustworthy sources. Therefore, this idiom describes that this information comes from someone who is literally standing right next to the horse.

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As any cat owner will tell you, these little bundles of joy will crawl, climb, and jump into anything they find. From a cardboard box to a particularly snuggly pair of boots, cats make resting in weird places their national sport. With that in mind, the phrase "let the cat out of the bag" seems like a no-brainer: Countless cats have found their way into countless bags throughout our shared history. However, you might be surprised to learn the slightly shady origins behind this idiom.

In the Middle Ages, a fairly common trick involved replacing a sold piglet with a cat before handing the animal to a customer. Since the deceived customer wouldn’t open their canvas bag before reaching their home, the similar weights of the animals would fool them for enough time for the trickster to pack shop and leave that market. Therefore, "letting the cat out of the bag" would provide enough evidence to confront the seller.

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Pulling someone’s leg doesn’t seem particularly funny and yet this idiom is now synonymous with mildly fooling someone as a joke. However, while the origins of this idiom are still debatable, the two contending theories are definitively not as lighthearted as the meaning of this idiom is.

Both theories relate to the streets of Victorian London. The first one suggests that the origins of this idiom come from a practice robbers would employ, where they would pull on people’s legs and rob them after they tripped. The other theory is slightly more grim: It refers to a practice executioners would conduct on convicted criminals, hanging onto their legs to grant them a quicker death.

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As far as we know, limbs are not an acceptable currency in any country, and yet this idiom describes something that is extremely expensive. Thanks to our previous entry on "pulling someone’s leg", you might be inclined to think that the origins of this idiom are particularly ghastly, but don’t worry: We promise that no literal amputation is behind the meaning of this phrase.

Many erroneously believe that this idiom comes from the world of portraits, in which artists would charge extra for including the limbs of their patrons in the painting. However, since there’s no evidence to support this theory, most historians are inclined to believe that it is actually derived from other popular expressions like "I would give my right arm to…" or "Even if it takes a leg".

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If this idiom is to be believed, taking someone’s goat is a surefire way to make someone insanely angry. And, to be honest, this seems only logical: Who can stand idle after seeing someone take their precious bleating animal away? All kidding aside, what’s fascinating about this idiom is that no one is particularly certain about its origins, and the only explanation we have is yet to be proved.

A popular story about the origins of this idiom describes a practice in which goats were placed in front of particularly rowdy racehorses to calm them down: Therefore, taking one of these goats would understandably make the horse furious. However, there’s no hard evidence backing this theory.

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"Biting the bullet" is an expression that describes showing fortitude and courage in the face of hardship. Just like with "get someone’s goat", we can’t really offer a definitive explanation regarding the origins of this idiom. However, a widespread story may offer us an explanation regarding the inception of this phrase.

According to this theory, before the advent of anesthetics, soldiers were given bullets to bite on during particularly painful medical procedures. This story does have some holes, though: Early forms of painkillers were available during the 19th century, the time period in which this idiom is said to have emerged. However, for now, this story offers the most reliable explanation we could find.

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We’ll end this article with the entry we find the most baffling. The meaning of this idiom is to flatter someone, especially if there is a hidden motive behind this praise. Bearing that in mind, maybe you’ll want to join us in our disbelief of how the action of covering someone in this greasy milk product could possibly help anyone gain their approval.

Well, the answer is rather interesting. Most linguists believe that the origins of this phrase can be traced to an Ancient Indian custom, in which throwing balls of ghee (a type of Indian butter) at the statues of the gods could earn believers their favor.