Wild nature

Are fire tornadoes a real thing? Yes! And so are these other phenomena!

Image: NOAA

You know the rain and the snow. You even know tornadoes, hurricanes, and the green lights in the North. But the weather can be crazier, much crazier than that! Would you believe us if we told you fire can become a tornado or that dust can make cities disappear? When combining the four elements, anything can happen, and we’ve gathered some of the craziest weather phenomena for you here!

Image: Mark Fletcher-Brown

Imagine a tornado picking up flames instead of debris. That’s a fire whirl, a spinning column of fire that can reach hundreds of feet high during wildfires. It forms when intense heat pulls air upward and the wind twists it into a vortex. Two of the worst and most destructive things together, we don’t need to explain the kind of consequences this unusual phenomenon leaves behind!

Image: Irham Setyaki

If you’ve ever seen photos of a giant wall of dust swallowing a city, that’s a haboob. You can double-check, but indeed it says "swallow a city"! These massive dust storms often appear in desert regions like Southern America or northern Africa. They happen when cool air from a thunderstorm rushes down and pushes up dirt and sand, creating a thick rolling curtain of dust. The best way to handle one? Head inside and let it pass, but never try running away from it. There’s no outrunning a haboob.

Image: Declan Sun

You feel the tiny drops of water falling from the sky, but you look at the floor and it’s completely dry. What’s going on? That’s virga, a ghostly phenomenon where the raindrops evaporate before they land. It looks like silky streaks hanging from the clouds, a bit like the sky is trying to rain but changes its mind halfway down. This disappearing act happens when the air below the cloud is too dry. Don’t worry, it’s innocent, just a little bit annoying.

Image: Susan Wilkinson

Tornadoes aren’t just a land thing (or a fire thing for that matter!), they can show up over water too. Waterspouts look like watery funnels rising from the sea, and while they can be dramatic, most are harmless and short-lived. Warm, humid air rising from the surface spins into a twisting column, pulling a bit of water mist with it. Sailors used to think they were sea monsters, but today we know better. Still, it’s not something you’d want to see from your fishing boat.

Image: Marc Szeglat

An erupting volcano is already scary enough, but when lightning starts flashing inside the ash cloud, it’s a spectacle. The bursts of electricity come from bits of rock and ash rubbing together and building up charge. Since volcanoes are hard to study up close, scientists are still learning exactly how this works.

Image: 泽浩 梁

If you’ve ever looked up on a cold night and seen glowing columns stretching toward the sky, you’ve spotted light pillars. They’re not UFOs; they’re ice crystals catching and reflecting light from the ground or the sun. Each tiny crystal acts like a little mirror, turning reflections into tall shimmering towers of color. They’re most common in freezing weather. Have you ever seen this?

Image: Meg

Every so often, the wind gets artistic and rolls snow into little white doughnuts. These rare creations, called snow rollers, need just the right mix of conditions: Sticky snow, a smooth surface, and a steady breeze. The wind pushes bits of snow along the ground until they curl up into round, hollow shapes.

Image: Wolfgang Hasselmann

Deep in the woods on a cold, damp night, you might find what looks like fine white hair growing on dead branches. That’s hair ice, and it forms thanks to a fungus that lives in rotting wood. The fungus releases chemicals that shape ice into thin, silky strands. They are so delicate, they melt at the first touch of sunlight. It’s one of nature’s quietest and most beautiful tricks.

Image: Stijn te Strake

At sunrise or sunset, look opposite the sun and you might spot a dark blue band climbing or sinking along the horizon. That’s Earth’s own shadow. Above it, a pinkish glow called the Belt of Venus often appears, reflecting the last bit of sunlight. Together, they make one of the simplest yet most breathtaking sky shows.

Image: Jakob Owens

If you’ve ever seen a rainbow-like halo around your shadow while standing above the clouds, you’ve witnessed a glory. It happens when sunlight bounces around inside tiny water droplets, splitting into soft rings of color. When that halo surrounds your shadow on mist or fog, it’s called a Brocken spectre, and it can make you look enormous. Early mountaineers used to think they were seeing spirits. Turns out, it was just their own reflection in nature’s mirror.

Language slip-ups

Say that again? Common words born from misunderstandings

Image: Towfiqu barbhuiya

You probably don’t go around thinking about where words come from. But, as it turns out, some of our everyday vocabulary was never supposed to happen. From pronunciation blunders to translation mishaps, these words made it into the English language completely by accident. Grab your coffee, settle in, and enjoy these amusing little mix-ups that stuck around longer than anyone expected.

Image: Prasopchok

Back in the 1600s, politician Sir Edwin Sandys wrote expedite instead of expediate in an essay. It was a mistake, but people liked the sound of it. Even after the error was spotted, the made-up version hung around. That’s one way to make a typo famous!

Image: Giovanna Gomes

In Middle English, "pease" was a mass noun, like "rice." But people assumed that "pease" must be plural, so they trimmed it down to create a new singular: "pea." It was a back-formation based on a misunderstanding… And yet, we’ve been using it ever since!

Image: Saúl Bucio

Back in the day, court clerks would jot down "cul. prit." to stand in for a mouthful of French legalese: Culpable, prest d’averrer nostre bille. Over time, people misread it as an actual word, and boom, "culprit" entered the English language with a similar meaning.

Image: Clem Onojeghuo

The French had a word, naperon, for a protective cloth. But English speakers often blurred the line between "a napron" and "an apron." Eventually, the "n" slid over and the new version stuck. See how even small slips reshape the language?

Image: Google DeepMind

The word "algorithm" can trace its roots to al-Khwarizmi, a 9th-century scholar. Latin scribes butchered his name into algorismus, and it subsequently morphed into "algorithm." Quite the journey for a name. Now it powers everything from apps to smart speakers.

Image: Toa Heftiba

In Old English, there was quease, meaning to press or crush. But somewhere along the way, someone added an extra "s," maybe to make it fit better with "squash" or "squish." And just like that, "squeeze" started sounding a lot more satisfying.

Image: Specna Arms

The French phrase la munition was misheard by soldiers as l’amonition, and English speakers picked up that error like it was fact. The "a" shouldn’t have been there, but it stuck and gave us the word "ammunition" we use today.

Image: CFPhotosin Photography

In French, nompere meant someone neutral, literally "not a peer." But in English, "a nompere" got twisted into "an umpire." And now it’s the name we give to the person brave enough to call strikes with parents in the bleachers. It changed the spelling and the meaning, brave indeed!

Image: Christian Harb

The French word chassé described a graceful dance step. But English speakers didn’t quite nail the pronunciation, and it turned into the fancier, flirtier "sashay." Sometimes a mispronunciation ends up sounding better than the original.

Image: Towfiqu barbhuiya

Originally spelled "fneze," this word changed when people mistook the "f" for an old-style "s." One printing error later, and "sneeze" became the standard. Honestly, it does a better job of capturing the sound, don’t you think?

Image: Andrej Sachov

French speakers said lingot, but when it crossed into English, scribes dropped the "L," thinking it stood for an article like "le" or "la." Oops! What they left behind became "ingot," a word now used to describe solid bars of metal.

Image: NOAA

This windy word started out as tronada, Spanish for thunderstorm. English speakers twisted the syllables around and made "tornado." It doesn’t match the original, but hey, it feels like it belongs, right?

Image: Jon Tyson

Back in the day, people used the term ekename to mean "additional name." Say "an ekename" too quickly, and it morphs into "a nickname." Just another case of sounds slipping around and creating something brand new.