Wild nature

Are fire tornadoes a real thing? Yes! And so are these other phenomena!

Image: NOAA

You know the rain and the snow. You even know tornadoes, hurricanes, and the green lights in the North. But the weather can be crazier, much crazier than that! Would you believe us if we told you fire can become a tornado or that dust can make cities disappear? When combining the four elements, anything can happen, and we’ve gathered some of the craziest weather phenomena for you here!

Image: Mark Fletcher-Brown

Imagine a tornado picking up flames instead of debris. That’s a fire whirl, a spinning column of fire that can reach hundreds of feet high during wildfires. It forms when intense heat pulls air upward and the wind twists it into a vortex. Two of the worst and most destructive things together, we don’t need to explain the kind of consequences this unusual phenomenon leaves behind!

Image: Irham Setyaki

If you’ve ever seen photos of a giant wall of dust swallowing a city, that’s a haboob. You can double-check, but indeed it says "swallow a city"! These massive dust storms often appear in desert regions like Southern America or northern Africa. They happen when cool air from a thunderstorm rushes down and pushes up dirt and sand, creating a thick rolling curtain of dust. The best way to handle one? Head inside and let it pass, but never try running away from it. There’s no outrunning a haboob.

Image: Declan Sun

You feel the tiny drops of water falling from the sky, but you look at the floor and it’s completely dry. What’s going on? That’s virga, a ghostly phenomenon where the raindrops evaporate before they land. It looks like silky streaks hanging from the clouds, a bit like the sky is trying to rain but changes its mind halfway down. This disappearing act happens when the air below the cloud is too dry. Don’t worry, it’s innocent, just a little bit annoying.

Image: Susan Wilkinson

Tornadoes aren’t just a land thing (or a fire thing for that matter!), they can show up over water too. Waterspouts look like watery funnels rising from the sea, and while they can be dramatic, most are harmless and short-lived. Warm, humid air rising from the surface spins into a twisting column, pulling a bit of water mist with it. Sailors used to think they were sea monsters, but today we know better. Still, it’s not something you’d want to see from your fishing boat.

Image: Marc Szeglat

An erupting volcano is already scary enough, but when lightning starts flashing inside the ash cloud, it’s a spectacle. The bursts of electricity come from bits of rock and ash rubbing together and building up charge. Since volcanoes are hard to study up close, scientists are still learning exactly how this works.

Image: 泽浩 梁

If you’ve ever looked up on a cold night and seen glowing columns stretching toward the sky, you’ve spotted light pillars. They’re not UFOs; they’re ice crystals catching and reflecting light from the ground or the sun. Each tiny crystal acts like a little mirror, turning reflections into tall shimmering towers of color. They’re most common in freezing weather. Have you ever seen this?

Image: Meg

Every so often, the wind gets artistic and rolls snow into little white doughnuts. These rare creations, called snow rollers, need just the right mix of conditions: Sticky snow, a smooth surface, and a steady breeze. The wind pushes bits of snow along the ground until they curl up into round, hollow shapes.

Image: Wolfgang Hasselmann

Deep in the woods on a cold, damp night, you might find what looks like fine white hair growing on dead branches. That’s hair ice, and it forms thanks to a fungus that lives in rotting wood. The fungus releases chemicals that shape ice into thin, silky strands. They are so delicate, they melt at the first touch of sunlight. It’s one of nature’s quietest and most beautiful tricks.

Image: Stijn te Strake

At sunrise or sunset, look opposite the sun and you might spot a dark blue band climbing or sinking along the horizon. That’s Earth’s own shadow. Above it, a pinkish glow called the Belt of Venus often appears, reflecting the last bit of sunlight. Together, they make one of the simplest yet most breathtaking sky shows.

Image: Jakob Owens

If you’ve ever seen a rainbow-like halo around your shadow while standing above the clouds, you’ve witnessed a glory. It happens when sunlight bounces around inside tiny water droplets, splitting into soft rings of color. When that halo surrounds your shadow on mist or fog, it’s called a Brocken spectre, and it can make you look enormous. Early mountaineers used to think they were seeing spirits. Turns out, it was just their own reflection in nature’s mirror.

Secrets of heights

Unsolved mysteries, strange finds, and fossils: The truth about Everest

Image: Martin Jernberg

At 29,032 feet, Mount Everest is known as the "rooftop of the world." While that's a fact most people already know, this ancient mountain holds more secrets than you might expect. From mythical creatures to the most unusual objects ever found there, today we're taking a journey up Everest, and what we'll discover might surprise you!

Image: Ben Lowe

Most of us know it simply as Everest, but this mountain has more identities. In the 19th century, the British named it after Sir George Everest, a British surveyor. But in Nepal, it's called Sagarmatha, which means "Forehead of the Sky." In Tibet, meanwhile, it's known as Chomolungma, meaning "Goddess Mother of the World." Beautiful, right?

Image: Konstantin Mishchenko

If you think marriage is only for the daring, you won't believe this. Despite the danger and harsh weather, several couples have chosen the world's highest peak as the location for their wedding. A recent example is Ashley Schmieder and James Sissom, who in 2017 became the first couple to get married on the summit of Everest wearing traditional wedding outfits. Imagine wearing a wedding dress at -10°F!

Image: Sebastian Pena Lambarri

On average, 800 to 900 people try to climb Everest each year, with many more visiting its base. Along the way, climbers often leave behind a surprising amount of items like crampons, clothing, cooking utensils, climbing tools, and oxygen bottles. In fact, there are "Trash zones" filled with these and many other articles left behind by people. You can imagine what else might be found there, especially since not everyone makes it to the summit.

Image: Joseph Corl

At the top of Everest, there's more than just leftover climbing gear. There, at almost 30,000 feet above sea level, they have found something else: marine fossils!

Although the summit is far from the sea today, it wasn't always that way. Millions of years ago, the area where Everest now stands was once part of a seabed at the bottom of the ocean. Over time, tectonic plates pushed the land upward, forming not just Everest but the entire Himalayan mountain range.

Image: Jonathan Ansel Moy de Vitry

Experienced climbers typically take 6 to 9 weeks to reach the summit of Everest, something incredible given the mountain's extreme conditions. But hear this: In 2003, expert Nepalese climber Lakpa Gelu reached the summit in just 10 hours and 56 minutes. And as if that wasn't impressive enough, in 2004, Sherpa Pemba Dorje beat that record, making it to the top in only 8 hours and 10 minutes!

Image: Luo Lei

The movement of tectonic plates causes the Himalayas to rise. Incredible as it may seem, Mount Everest isn't just tall: It's actually growing a fraction of an inch every year! It may not sound like much, but over millions of years, it really adds up.

Image: Ehab Al-Hakawati

There's an unsolved mystery on Everest involving two British climbers, George Mallory and Andrew Irvine, who aimed to be the first to reach the summit back in 1924. They were reportedly last seen close to the top, but no one knows if they actually made it.

Both climbers disappeared, and while Mallory's body was discovered in 1999, Irvine has never been found. Many people report encountering ghosts that haunt the mountain and sometimes even offer help. Could those spirits be the two of them?

Image: Kirsten Frank

In 2024, Nat Geo explorers found a boot with a sock inside that read "A. C. Irvine." That's right! It took a hundred years before they finally discovered this boot, believed to have belonged to Irvine.

If it took a century to find just one boot, imagine everything else that might still be up there!

Image: Agnès Maillard

Part of the mountain's folklore is the mythical Yeti, also known by his stage name: the Abominable Snowman. Reports of a huge, ape-like creature walking on two legs date back as early as the 19th century.

Most research suggests it's likely all about a bear species, but even today, some people still claim to have seen the Yeti. In the mountain, there have also been discoveries of footprints too large to be human, and even enormous bones!

Image: JC Gellidon

The extreme altitude, cold, and other harsh conditions make life on Everest tough. However, to many people's surprise, the mountain does have its own unique plants and animals, all known for their ruggedness. On one hand, you can find hardy plants like mosses, lichens, and the Himalayan Blue Poppy. When it comes to animals, the area is home to snow leopards, Himalayan tahr (wild goats), and yaks. Of course, the higher you go, the scarcer wildlife becomes.